I anticipate widescale migration to different states from those who can and have the ability to move. I already see it happening among young people refusing to live in certain states based on perspectives and politics.

winteryeti

My point is that Black poverty decreased in part because the Voting Rights Act helped Black communities elect representatives who could advocate for their interests and resources.

If those protections are weakened and representation is diluted, the concern is that inequality becomes harder to reduce, and easier to preserve.
https://stacker.news/items/1490281/r/Yermin
https://stacker.news/items/1489971/r/Yermin

If we're shifting the legal bar now what problem does that actually solve for someone in poverty today? Or is this just about making life easier for the people drawing the maps?

Contra_

, Black poverty in America was extraordinarily high.

, there were only two major periods of relative Black economic improvement between 1920 and 1990:

 found that enforcement of the Voting Rights Act measurably narrowed Black-white wage gaps in covered counties.

Today, Black poverty still remains significantly higher than white poverty according to 

, the Supreme Court has raised the legal standard for challenging voting maps under the Voting Rights Act, making unequal outcomes alone less sufficient without stronger evidence of intentional discrimination.

Politics_And_Law

Before the [Voting Rights Act](https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws), Black poverty in America was extraordinarily high.

* Black poverty rate in 1959: \~55%
* Black poverty rate in 1969: \~32%
* Black poverty rate today: \~18%

According to [Donohue & Heckman (1991)](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2727522), there were only two major periods of relative Black economic improvement between 1920 and 1990:

* the 1940s, driven largely by WWII labor demand and industrial expansion
* and the decade following the [Civil Rights Act of 1964](https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/civil-rights-act) and [Voting Rights Act of 1965](https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/voting-rights-act)

More recent research from [Aneja & Avenancio-León (2019)](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.20171413) found that enforcement of the Voting Rights Act measurably narrowed Black-white wage gaps in covered counties.

Today, Black poverty still remains significantly higher than white poverty according to [U.S. Census poverty data](https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-people.html).

And now, in [Callais v. Louisiana](https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/25pdf/24-109_21o3.pdf), the Supreme Court has raised the legal standard for challenging voting maps under the Voting Rights Act, making unequal outcomes alone less sufficient without stronger evidence of intentional discrimination.